The Gospel of Mark as “Progressive Narrative”.

The Trauma of the War, and the Proposal of a New Beginning

Authors

  • Santiago Guijarro Oporto Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47182/rb.81.n3-4-201992

Keywords:

Historical exegesis, Jewish War, Mk 11, Cultural Trauma, Social Identity

Abstract

This paper proposes a reading of the end of Mark’s account (Mark 11–16) in the historical situation in which and for which this Gospel was composed.
After locating the Gospel in the context of the Jewish War and its effects in the Syro-Palestinian region, the category of cultural trauma will allow us to look at the Gospel of Mark as a progressive narrative. The second part of the study proposes a reading of the final chapters of the Gospel, showing that they reveal the situation its audience had gone and was going through (Mark 11–13), as well as the invitation to understand this situation in light of the trauma of Jesus’ passion and death (Mark 14–15) in order to open themselves up to a new beginning that involved returning to Galilee (Mark 16).

 

References

Alexander, J. C., “Towards a Theory of Cultural Trauma”, en J. C. Alexander et al., Cultural Trauma and Collective Identity, Berkeley 2004, 1-30.

Assmann, J., “Cultural Memory: Script, Recollection, and Political Identity in Early Civilizations”, Historiography East and West 1 (2003) 154-177.

Balabanski, V., “Mark 13: Escatologial Expectation and the Jewish War”, en id. (ed.), Eschatology in the Making: Mark, Matthew, and the Didache, New York-Cambridge 1997, 55-100.

Bar-Tal, D., Intractable Conflicts. Socio-Psychological Foundations and Dynamics, Cambridge 2013.

Dormeyer, D., Die Passion Jesu als Verhaltensmodell, Münster 1974.

Dube, Z., “Jesus’ Death and Resurrection as Cultural Trauma”, Neotestamentica 47 (2013) 107-122.

Eyerman, R., “Cultural Trauma, Slavery and the Formation of African American Identity”, en J. C. Alexander et al., Cultural Trauma and Collective Identity, Berkeley 2004, 60-111.

–, “The Past in the Present: Culture and the Transmission of Memory”, Acta Sociologica 47 (2004) 159-169.

Eyerman, R. et al., Narrating Trauma: On the Impact of Collective Suffering, London 2013.

Fander, M., “Mein Gott, mein Gott, warum hast du mich verlassen?” (Mk 15,34): (Kriegs) Traumatisierung als Thema des Markusevangeliums“, en E. Moltmann-Wendel – R. Kirchhoff (eds.), Christologie im Lebensbezug. Göttingen 2005, 116-156.

Feldmeier, R., Die Krisis des Gottessohnes: die Gethsemaneerzählung als Schlüssel der Markuspassion, Tübingen 1987.

Fritzen, W., Von Gott verlassen? Das Markusevangelium as Kommunika-tionsangebot für bedrängte Christen, Stuttgart 2008.

Garber, D. G., “Trauma Theory and Biblical Studies”, Currents in Biblical Research 14 (2015) 24-44.

Gelardini, G., Christus Militans. Studien zur polistich-militärischen Semantik im Markusevangelium vor dem Hintergrund des ersten jüdich-römischen Krieges, Leiden-Boston 2016.

Guijarro, S., El camino del discípulo. Seguir a Jesús según el evangelio de Marcos, Salamanca 2015, 37-83.

–, “El relato premarquiano de la pasión y la comunidad de Jerusalén”, en id., Jesús y sus primeros discípulos, Estella 2007, 169-201.

–, “La tradición sobre Jesús y la formación de la cristología”, Revista Catalana de Teologia 38 (2013) 49-73 [63-71].

Hengel, M., Studies in the Gospel of Mark, Philadelphia 1985.

Hurtado, L., “Early Christological Interpretation of the Messianic Psalms”, Salmanticensis 64 (2017) 73-100.

Incigneri, B. J., The Gospel to the Romans: The Setting and Rhetoric of Mark’s Gospel, Leiden 2003.

Kloppenborg, J. S., “Evocatio Deorum and The Date of Mark”, Journal of Biblical Literature 124 (2005) 419-450.

Kuhn, H.-W., Ältere Sammlungen im Markusevangelium, Göttingen 1971.

Lightfoot, R. H., The Gospel Message of Saint Mark, Oxford 1950, 48-59.

Lücking, S. “Die Zerstörung des Tempels 70 n. Chr. als Krisenerfahrung der frühen Christen”, en J. Hahn (ed.), Zerstörungen des Jerusalemer Tempels: Geschehen – Wahrnehmung – Bewältigung (WUNT 147), Tübingen 2002, 140-165.

Marcus, J., “The Jewish War and the Sitz im Leben of Mark”, Journal of Biblical Literature 103 (1992) 441-462.

–, “Mark 14:61: Are You the Messiah–Son-of-God?”, Novum Testamentum 31 (1989) 125-141.

–, The Way of the Lord: Christological Exegesis of the Old Testament in the Gospel of Mark, Edinburgh 1993.

–, El evangelio según Marcos I (1-8), Salamanca 2010.

–, El evangelio según Marcos II (8-16), Salamanca 2011.

Miquel, E., “The Impatient Jesus and the Fig Tree: Marcan Disguised Discourse against the Temple”, Biblical Theology Bulletin 45 (2015) 144-154.

Nieto Ibáñez, J. M., Flavio Josefo: La guerra de los judíos, Madrid 2001.

Oficina de Derechos Humanos del Arzobispado de Guatemala, Guatemala nunca más. I: Los efectos de la violência, Ciudad de Guatemala 1998.

Rodríguez Láiz, A., El Mesías hijo de David. El mesianismo dinástico en los comienzos del cristianismo, Estella 2016.

Roskam, H. N., The Purpose of the Gospel of Mark in Its Historical and Social Context (NTSuppl 114), Leiden 2004.

Schenke, L., Das Markusevangelium, Stuttgart 1988.

Tajfel, H., Grupos humanos y categorías sociales, Barcelona 1984.

Theissen, G., Colorido local y contexto histórico en los evangelios, Salamanca 1997.

Vaage, L. E., “An Other Home: Discipleship in Mark as Domestic Asceticism”, Catholic Biblical Quarterly 71 (2009) 741-761.

–, Trauma, Erzählung, Befreiung: Das Markusevangelium aus amerikanischer Perspektive, Ostfildern 2017.

–, “Violence as Religious Experience in the Gospel of Mark”, en C. Shantz – R. A. Werline (eds.), Experientia, Volume 2: Linking Text and Experience, Atlanta 2012, 119-135.

Van Iersel, B. M. F., “Failed Followers in Mark: Mark 13:12 as a Key for the Identification of the Intended Readers”, Catholic Biblical Quarterly58 (1996) 244-263.

Van Oyen, G. – Van Cappellen, P., “Mark 15,34 and the Sitz im Leben of the Real Reader”, Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses 91 (2015) 569-599.

Volkan, V. D., “Transgenerational Transmissions and Chosen Traumas: An Aspect of Large-Group Identity”, Group Analysis 34 (2001) 79-97.

Whitenton, M. R., “Feeling the Silence: A Moment-by-Moment Account of Emotions at the End of Mark (16:1-8)”, Catholic Biblical Quarterly 78 (2016) 272-289.

Winn, A., The Purpose of Mark’s Gospel. An Early Christian Response to Roman Imperial Propaganda (WUNT 2, 245), Tübingen 2008.

Yarbro Collins, A., “The Apocalyptic Rhetoric of Mark 13 in Historical Context”, Biblical Research 41(1996) 5-36.

Zeichmann, C. B., “The Date of Mark’s Gospel apart from the Temple and Rumors of War: The Taxation Episode (12:13-17) as Evidence”, Catholic Biblical Quarterly 79 (2017) 422-437.

–, “Loanwords or Code-Switching? Latin Transliteration and the Date of Mark’s Composition”, Journal of the Jesus Movement in Its Jewish Setting 4 (2017) 42-64.

Published

2019-11-15

How to Cite

Guijarro Oporto, Santiago. 2019. “The Gospel of Mark As ‘Progressive Narrative’.: The Trauma of the War, and the Proposal of a New Beginning”. Revista Bíblica 81 (3-4):315-43. https://doi.org/10.47182/rb.81.n3-4-201992.

Issue

Section

Research Studies